
Reactive Oxygen Species and Photobiomodulation: Mechanisms, Effects, and Implications
ROS are essential yet potentially harmful molecules whose modulation by PBM offers significant therapeutic promise.

Comparing Class 4 Laser Therapy, PEMF, and Shockwave Treatments in Chiropractic Care
This article provides an in-depth exploration of these three therapies, comparing their principles, applications, benefits, and limitations, while offering practical insights for Doctors of Chiropractic to optimize patient outcomes. By integrating evidence-based references, this analysis aims to guide practitioners in selecting the most appropriate modality for their patients.
“Class 4 Laser Therapy will be an integral modality worldwide in all fields of healthcare.”
— Dr. Phil Harrington, lecturing in Malaysia